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Calculate Drip Irrigation Time
Once you know how much water your plant needs, calculate the irrigation time based on the dripper flow rate:
- Dripper flow rate. The standard flow rate is usually 2 to 4 liters per hour (L/h).
- Irrigation time. If your plant needs 2 liters and the dripper has a flow rate of 2 L/h, irrigate for 1 hour.
To make everything clearer, all formulas and techniques for calculating drip irrigation time are compiled in this scheme.
| Factor/Condition | Required Calculation | Irrigation Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| Substrate Volume | Substrate volume × 0.1 (10% of volume) | Apply between 10% and 20% of the total substrate volume with each watering. If the pot is 10L, apply between 1L and 2L of water. Irrigation should be done every 2-3 days in summer and less in winter. |
| Finger Test | Insert your finger 3-5 cm into the substrate. If the soil is dry, it’s time to water. | Depending on the substrate’s moisture, water only when your finger comes out dry. Usually, every 2-3 days or depending on the climate. |
| Temperature and Season | Spring: 2-3 day interval between waterings. Summer: Daily or twice a day. Autumn: 4-5 day interval. |
Frequency should be adjusted according to the season. More frequent in summer (daily), less in autumn (every 4-5 days). |
| Dripper Flow Rate | Dripper flow rate (L/h) × Time (h) If drippers have 2L/h and 2L are needed, the time is 1h. |
Adjust irrigation time according to the dripper’s flow rate. For example, a 2L/h dripper will apply 2L in 1 hour. |
| Automatic Systems (Sensors) | Automatic irrigation: According to moisture measured by sensors. Sensors activate irrigation when the moisture level is low. |
Sensors activate irrigation when the soil is dry. This depends on the values preset by the system. |
| Evapotranspiration (ETc) | ETc = ETo × Kc Calculates the amount of water the plant needs considering the climate, crop coefficient, and environmental conditions. |
Depends on the ETc value. In warm or dry climates, the frequency can be daily. In cool climates, every 3-5 days |